How Was Scotland Created?

♦Long before castles, clans or kings, the land that would become Scotland was already ancient. Stone circles, buried villages, tombs aligned to the winter sun. And then, around 4,500 years ago, the people who built them almost entirely disappeared.
Who replaced them? And how did their descendants end up as a single kingdom?
The answer runs through a Roman army that marched to the edge of the known world and decided not to stay. Through a people named by their enemies, who left no written record of themselves, only hundreds of carved stones covered in symbols no one has been able to read. Through a kingdom that straddled the sea between Ireland and Britain, a monk on a small island, and a battle in 685 that may have decided whether Scotland would exist at all.
Then came the raiders from the north. And out of the chaos they caused emerged a king whose story has been told for a thousand years, though perhaps not the way it actually happened.
Scotland was not founded by a single people. This is the story of how several became one.

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♦Music by Epidemic Sound

00:00 Before Scotland
00:58 The First Farmers
01:52 The Beaker Migration
03:50 Rome Reaches the North
07:25 The Picts
11:02 The Battle of Dun Nechtain
12:07 Dál Riata and Saint Columba
15:01 The Vikings Arrive
16:11 Kenneth MacAlpin and the Birth of Alba
18:20 From Alba to Scotland

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